制度激励、博弈均衡与社会正义

Institutional Incentives,Game Equilibrium and Social Justice

博弈论描述一个或一束制度下人们的行动决策,以及不同环境中这些行动导致相应的社会结果。把法庭推理与司法调整嵌入社会博弈之中,结合博弈论解理论的方法,原则上可以刻画法律通过不同的激励安排能够实现的行为模式,从而刻画法律能实现的目标。法律与其他社会规范共同为组成社会的所有行为主体提供了制度激励,立法者任何合乎社会正义理念的目标,只有作为他们在社会博弈中的均衡行为的结果,才能得到合理实施。

Game theory describes people's action decisions under one system or a group of systems,and the results brought about by their actions in different environments.Embedding the reasoning of law courts and judicial modifications in a social game and combining it with the methodology of game theory enable us to depict in principle the behavioral model the law can achieve through various incentive arrangements,and thus portray the goals that it can attain.Together with other social norms,the law provides institutional incentives for all the behavioral agents that make up society.Those objectives of lawmakers which are consistent with the concept of social justice can be reasonably implemented only when they are viewed as the results of equilibrium behavior in a social game.