种植密度及采收期对苗药艾纳香产量和品质的影响

Effect of Plant Density and Harvest on Yield and Quality in Blumea balsamifera

目的:研究不同种植密度和采收期对苗药艾纳香产量和品质的影响,为艾纳香的规范化栽培提供理论依据。方法:采用二因素试验进行种植密度和采收期对苗药艾纳香品质和产量的影响,设种植密度(株距×行距)50 cm×90 cm、50 cm×60 cm、50 cm×30 cm和30 cm×30 cm,采收期设10月中旬、11月中旬、12月中旬,随机区组设计。结果:种植密度及采收期对艾纳香的产量和品质均有影响。单位面积产量和单位面积挥发油产量都随着密度的增加,逐渐增大,密度为111 112株/hm^2时,12月中旬采收的艾纳香单位面积产量和单位面积挥发油产量最高,均可获得高产,分别为1 546.68 kg/hm^2和96.6 L/hm^2。在密度22 223株/hm^2和111 112株/hm^2时艾纳香叶片的总黄酮含量最高,分别为2.50 mg/g和2.53 mg/g,采收期对总黄酮含量无显著影响。结论:艾纳香根蘖苗当年移栽定植的适合种植密度为111 112株/hm^2,适宜的采收期为12月。

Objective：To study the effects of different plant density and harvest time on the yield and quality of Miao medicine Blumea balsamifera, in order to provide a theoretical basis for Good Agriculture Practice（GAP）. Methods ：Two factors trails were used to research the influence of plant density and harvest time on the yield and quality of Blumea balsamifera. The plant density were located at 50 cm ×90 cm,50 cm ×60 cm,50 cm ×30 cm and 30 cm ×30 cm,and the harvest time were set up at mid-October,mid-November and mid-December. The experiments were designed with randomized block design. Results：Yield and quality were both affected by the plant density and harvest time. Yield per unit area and volatile oil yield per unit area were increased significantly with the increasing of plant density. Yield per unit area and volatile oil yield per unit area were peaked at the plant density of 111 112 plants/hm2 which could obtain high-yield at the mid-December,which were 1 546. 68 kg/hm2 and 96. 6 L/hm2 ,respectively. The content of total flavonoids were peaked at the plant density of 22 223 plants/bin2 and 111 112 plants/hm2, which were 2. 50 and 2. 53 mg/g, respectively. Harvest time had no significant effect on the flavonoids content. Conclusion ： The suitable plant density of transplanted root tillers of Blumea balsamif- era is 111 112 plants/bin2 and the optimum harvest time is December.