民众收入不公平感的机制与对策——基于参照依赖和损失规避双视角

Mechanisms and measures of the public' sense of income unfairness: Dual viewpoint of reference dependence and loss aversion

近年来,贫富差距的不断加大已引起民众较为强烈的收入不公平感,而导致收入不公平感产生的一个主要原因是人们对自己收入所得不如他人的相对比较。本项目基于预期理论价值函数的参照依赖和损失规避双视角,对当前民众收入不公平感的形成机制与管理对策进行系列实证研究;采用心理测量、实验室实验和干预研究相结合的方法,并借助神经电生理的ERP技术和心理生理学的多导生理记录仪(SCR),以检验民众收入不公平感的自我-他人参照、单参照点-多参照点比较的整合性参照依赖框架;探索损失规避对多得不均等和少得不均等的非对称不公平感的根源性作用和神经生理机制;选取社区居民,操纵参照对象、参照点和得失框架,进行多轮次和多变量的干预研究,以探索减少民众收入不公平感的应对策略,并据此提出切实有效的管理对策。

In recent years, the increasing gap of wealth between the rich and the poor has given rise to the public＇s strong sense of income unfairness, which was primarily caused by relative comparison between individual own income and others＇ income. This project is based on the reference dependence and loss aversion of prospect theory value function, carrying out a series of empirical studies on the formation mechanisms and management measures of the public＇s sense of income unfairness. This project will use multiple methods of psychological measuring, laboratory experiment and intervention study; employing the ERP technique of nerve electrophysiology and SCR method of psycho-physiological experiment; probing into mechanisms of self-reference vs. other-reference dependence, single-reference-point vs. multi-reference point comparison and the loss aversion acting on the asymmetry of advantageous inequality vs. disadvantageous inequality leading to individuals＇ sense of income unfairness; finally choosing community resident and manipulating the referent, the reference-point, and the gain-loss framing, and then conducting multi-round and multi-variable intervention studies so as to empirically investigating into the coping strategies of lessening individuals＇ sense of income unfairness, which will be used as the basis of management strategies and policy advice.