预见性护理对恶性梗阻性黄疸患者术后康复进程及并发症发生率的影响

Effect of predictive nursing care on postoperative rehabilitation process and incidence of complications in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice

目的观察预见性护理对恶性梗阻性黄疸患者术后康复进程及并发症发生率的影响。方法研究对象源于本院2013年10月至2014年10月收治的72例恶性梗阻性黄疸患者，随机分为对照组（36例）和观察组（36例）。两组患者均接受手术治疗，对照组给予常规围手术期护理；观察组给予预见性护理。统计两组患者术后监护时间、住院天数，观察腹腔感染、胆瘘、胃排空障碍、胰瘘、胆道出血等并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者术后监护时间和住院天数分别为（3．32±1．87）d、（24．67±9．8）d，均显著少于对照组（P〈0．05）；观察组患者腹腔感染、胆瘘、胃排空障碍、胰瘘、胆道出血等并发症发生率依次为8．3％、13．9％、5．6％、5．6％和2．8％，均显著低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论预见忡护理的室旆右利于加快恶性梗阻性黄疸患者术后康复进程，对降低并发症发生率有积极影响。

Objective To observe the effect of predictive nursing care on the postoperative rehabilitation process and the incidence of complications in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice, Methods 72 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice treated at our hospital from October, 2013 and October, 2014 were included in the study and were randomly divided into a control group （36 cases） and an observation group （36 cases）. Both groups were surgically treated. The control group were given routine perioperative nursing care while the observation group predictive nursing care. The postoperative monitoring time and length of hospital stay of the two groups was statistically analyzed. The occurrences of complications, such as abdominal infection, biliary fistula, delayed gastric emptying, pancreatic fistula, and hemobilia, were observed. Results The postoperative monitoring time and length of hospital stay of the observation group [（3.32±1.87） and （24.67± 9.8）] d were significantly shorter than those of the control group （P〈0.05）. The incidences of complications, such as abdominal infection, biliary fistula, delayed gastric emptying, pancreatic fistula, and hemobilia, in the observation group （8.3%, 13.9%, 5.6%, 5.6%, and 2.8%） were significantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The implementation of predictive nursing care is conducive in accelerating the process of postoperative rehabilitation of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice and has a positive impact on reducing the incidence of complications.