十字花目植物ER body的形成机制及其生物学功能

The formation and biological function of ER bodies in Brassicales

在长期进化过程中,为了应对外界环境胁迫,植物细胞形成了多种具有特殊功能的内质网衍生结构,其中大部分是物种所特有的,尤其是在十字花目植物中发现的ER body。在ER body上特异性聚积的β-葡萄糖苷酶(PYK10/BGLU21)、NAI2、膜蛋白MEB1/2以及转录因子NAI1在ER body形成过程中起重要作用。ER body主要富集在植物与外界环境相互接触的界面部位,损伤或植物激素处理能够诱导ER body形成。β-葡萄糖苷酶能够产生对害虫入侵具有抵御作用的物质,其活性在细胞破碎时增强。因此,ER body在植物免疫中发挥功能。本文将对十字花目植物(拟南芥)中ER body的形成机制进行阐述,并探讨其生物学功能。

During long-term evolution, in order to response to stress from external environment, plant cells developed various endoplasmic reticulum（ER）-derived structures with specific functions, most of which are specific for certain groups of species. The ER body is developed in plants of the Brassicales. The accumulation of proteins specific for the ER body play an important role in the formation of ER bodies, such as β-glucosidases（PYK10/BGLU21）, NAI2, membrane protein MEB1/2, and transcription factor NAI1. ER body is mainly concentrated in the interface between plants and environment, while wounding or plant hormone treatment will induce de novo formation of ER bodies. β-glucosidases can produce substances that potentially protect against invading pests, and the enzymatic activities of β-glucosidases are enhanced during cell collapse. Therefore, ER bodies are involved in plant defenses. In this review, we provide recent perspectives of formation of ER bodies in the Brassicales, and discuss the functions of ER bodies.