全媒时代诗歌批评的“标签化”现象及其反思——从余秀华引发的喧嚣与沉默谈起

On the Labeling Phenomenon of Poetic Critiques in All-media——Epoch and A Rethink of It from a Perspective of Noise and Silence caused by YU Xiu-hua

标签化批评是文学批评媒介化、伦理化倾向的表征之一,尤以诗歌批评生态为甚。其所导致的对批评理论范畴的误解与偏差、对批评对象的标准多重化不仅遮蔽了对诗歌文本多义性与复杂性解读,也一并影响到诗歌批评的公信力。在社会学遮蔽美学的标签化思考惰性中,诗歌的专业阅读与专业批评被悬置,造成了诗歌创作、阅读、与批评的多重同质化,从而使现实文本极多、而有现实感的文本却极少。诗歌的"大众"趣味因此一并受到牵累,一面是专业论者的曲高和寡,一面是大众诗歌广受热捧,隐匿于民间的诗意也就从这被标签化、被意识形态化的批评生态中曲折地求生。

The labeling criticism is one of features of media and ethic tendency of literary criticism,especially that of poetry.Its misunderstanding of and deviation from categories of critic theories,and standard plurality not only have covered the interpretation of polysemy and complexity of poetic texts,but influenced the credibility of poetic criticism.In the sluggishness of labeling thinking when sociology has covered aesthetics,the specialty reading and criticism of poetry are suspended,which leads to multi-homogenization of poetic creation,reading and criticism,and hence results in a large amount of real texts but few ones with feeling of reality.Therefore,the poetic＂public tastes＂are influenced,too.One side is the specialists＇ embarrassment of being to high to be popular,and the other side is that the public poetry is warmly welcome.Thus the poetry hiding among civilians seek to live on accompanied by such labeled,ideologicalized criticism.