对洛克欲望思想的合理化解读

An Interpretation of Rationalization in Locke Desire Thoughts

西方政治学史对于欲望的范畴研究偏向于定性研究,即欲望感性或是理性的界定,而现代性的话语体系中更倾向于赋予其理性的色彩。而欲望从内容建构到实践的过程研究也是其界定的重要因素。从实践论的角度出发,以洛克两类研究为例,研究他在政治学与认识论中欲望自我的建构,认为洛克在认识论中从感知到认知的建构建立了基于现实的实践过程;在政治学说中基于个人权利的欲望解读,开启一种新的理性建构,促进欲望自我的形成,促成了在天赋、平等、自由、民主等价值观下个人权利的实现。

Previous researches of western political science tend to make a qualitative research for desire,namely the definition of desire to be sensational or rational,while the discourse of modernity prefers to make a rational definition of desire. The process of desire discourse from its content to practice is also an important factor in its definition. From the perspective of practice,the paper takes the two types of Locke＇s research for example,and studies the construction of self-desire in the epistemology and political science. It considers the construction of self-desire from awareness to cognition builds the epistemology based on the reality of the practice. And based on individual rights in the political theory,his interpretation of desire opens a new rational construction,which promotes the formation of self-desire,and makes the realization of individual rights under the values such as talent,equality,freedom,democracy.