油茶籽粉碎程度对水酶法提油效果的影响

Effects of pulverization treatment on aqueous enzymatic extraction of Camellia seed oil

研究油茶籽破碎程度对水酶法提取油茶籽油的得率及提油过程形成的乳状液稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,当利用刀片式粉碎机将油茶籽平均粒径减小至37.92μm时,水酶法提取油茶籽油的总油得率、清油得率分别达到96.85%和91.83%。当对油茶籽粉继续粉碎时,茶籽粉的平均粒径基本保持不变,但水酶法提油过程中乳状液稳定性增加且乳化现象加重,导致总油得率降低,使后续破乳工艺难度加大。干法粉碎和湿法粉碎对油茶籽水酶法提取所得的毛油品质无明显区别,基本理化指标符合油茶籽油国家标准,重金属含量均在0.005mg/kg的检出限水平以下,表明刀片式粉碎方式是一种安全可行的油茶籽粉碎方式。

The effect of pulverization treatment on the yield of Ca mellia seed oil and the stability of emulsion formed during the aque- ous enzymatic extraction was investigated. The result showed that when the particle size of Camellia seed reached to 37. 92 tLm by hammer mill, the yield of total oil and free oil reached 96.85%0 and 91. 34~ respectively. However, further pulverization of the Camelli- a seed had no significant change on the particle size, but the amount and stability of emulsion increased, resulting in a serious loss of the oil yield and an increase in the difficulty for the following demulsifica- tion process. There was no significant difference in the quality be tween the crude oils extracted from dry milling and wet milling Ca mellia seed by aqueous enzymatic extraction. The general physico- chemical indexes fitted the national standards of camellia oil well, and the heavy metal contents were below the detection limit in 0. 005 mg/kg, which indicated that hammer mill was a safe and feasible pulverization treatment for camellia seed.