以能力为导向的个体化住院医师培训体系的建立与探索

The construction and exploration of competency-based personalized resident training system

我国的住院医师培训存在着发展不平衡、培训体系复杂、培训方式相对落后等问题.依托北京大学20年的住院医师培训经验和国内外的相关经验,北京大学第三医院以住院医师临床能力培训为核心,调动系统资源,注重医患沟通和医教研综合能力的培养;在此基础上,建立考核和反馈系统,根据住院医师的考核结果开展有针对性的培训,同时注意临床教师的培训并建立导师制,为住院医师的发展提供个体化指导;培训方法采用临床病例讨论、以问题为基础学习、模拟医学教学等多种形式：从而形成了以能力培养为导向、注重住院医师个体化特点和发展的住院医师规范化培训体系——个体化职业培训体系,为我国住院医师培训体系的改革、临床医师综合能力的提高和医疗资源的优化配置提供了切实可行的系统平台.

The resident training in China has a series of problems including imbalanced development,complicated training system,under-developed training methods and etc.Based on 20 years resident training experience in Peking University,and related domestic and foreign experience,Peking University Third Hospital has constructed competency-based resident training,which focuses on clinical competency training,as well as competencies of physician-patient communication,systems-based practice and teaching-research integration.Furthermore,assessment and feedback systems are constructed,and targeted training based on assessment results is developed.Clinical instructor training and tutorial system are also established,which provide personalized resident guidance.Training methods include clinical case discussion,problem based learning,medical simulation and etc.Thus,competency-based,personalized character and development focused standardized resident training ——personalized professional training system is formed,which provides possible system platformfor resident training reform,clinician comprehensive competency elevation and medical resource optimal allocation in China.