全球化、民族国家与文学民族差异性的坚守

Globalization,Nation- state and Acknowledging National Diversity of Literature

作为资本主义发展最近阶段的全球化具有自己独特的文化逻辑,它不仅是资本主义在物理空间上的简单扩张,而且是资本逻辑对文化的全面、深刻渗透,是一个全世界无所不为资本主义改造的过程,去差异化—夷平和解域化—不可脱钩是全球化的主要文化逻辑。资本主义全球化下的文化多样性是表面虚假的差异性与深层真实的同一性,是以差异性掩盖下的同质化,是差异的同一和同一基础上的差异。全球化会加强民族国家间的相互依赖与联系,令民族国家的功能作出一定的调整,但不会是民族国家的终结和"后民族"时代。具有历史合法性的民族国家为中国马克思主义文学批评坚持文学的民族差异性提供了坚实的物质支撑,中国马克思主义文学批评坚持文学的民族差异性可以减缓甚至改变全球文化趋同化的进程。

Globalization has a unique cultural logic,which is not a simple expansion of capital in physical space,but capital logic penetrating culture comprehensively and deeply. De- territorilization and de- differentiation are the main cultural characteristic of globalization. The cultural diversity under globalization is false,which is homogeneity under the cover of diversity. Globalization will strengthen the interdependence and relations among the nations,but it is not the end of nation- state and the age of post- nation. Nation- states still have historical legitimacy. Chinese Marxism literary criticism insists on the national differences of literature,which can slow down or even change the process of global cultural assimilation.