自适应卡尔曼在延长土壤墒情监测节点寿命中的研究

Research on Extending the Life of Soil Moisture Monitoring Node by Using Self-adapting Kalman Filter

土壤墒情的WSNs监测节点由于工作环境的制约,一般采用一次性的干电池供电,节点的电源供应受到约束。针对节点使用寿命短的问题,方法提出了一种网络传输效用和使用寿命的折衷优化方法。通过卡尔曼滤波器对数据进行状态预测和稳定识别,在保证数据传输效用的同时,降低单个节点的数据发送次数和频率,进而延长节点的使用寿命。通过实验从平均发送频率和均方误差两个方面对方法进行评价,结果表明,方法在保证传输效用的同时,能自适应地动态降低发送次数和频率,经过测试和计算,每减少收发一次能延长休眠时间19 927.3 ms,延长监听时间为17.3 ms,取得良好效果,方法在延长农业土壤墒情的监测时间方面提供了一定参考。

Due to constraints such as working environment, disposable batteries with limited electrical energy were commonly used in soil moisture monitoring node. In order to solve this problem, an optimal Utility-Lifetime tradeoff method was set up. Kalman filter was used to identify the state prediction and stability of data and reduce the number of data and frequency. The service life of the node is extended by the method.Average frequency of the experiment and the curve fitting were used to evaluate the method. Through test and calculation, each time of reducing can prolong the sleep time of 19 927.3 ms and extend the monitoring time of 17.3 ms. Method provides a certain reference in extending the time of monitoring agricultural soil moisture.