对替考入刑的若干思考——基于《刑法修正案(九)》第二十五条之规定

On Taking Exam-imposters as a Crime——Based on the 25th provision of Criminal Law Amendment (ninth)

为了遏制愈演愈烈的考试作弊行为,维护国家考试秩序,建立社会诚信体系,《刑法修正案(九)》增设了三个罪名以惩罚与考试作弊相关的行为,其中代替考试罪主要规制替考行为。替考入刑前相关法律缺位导致对这一行为未能有效规制,将其入刑是构建严而不厉的刑事法网的需要,并且古今中外的立法经验也为我们提供了可供借鉴的参考。正确理解该罪的构成要件及刑罚特点,对正确适用该罪具有重要意义。

In order to curb the growing trend of exam cheating,maintain the order of the national examination and establish social honesty system,three charges for punishing exam cheating and related behavior are added in Criminal Law Amendment（ninth）,among which the Exam-imposter Crime regulates on examination imposters.The absence of charges for exam cheating led to ineffective regulation on this problem.It is necessary to add those three charges to construct a strict but not severe criminal system.Also,the past and present legislation experience,at home and abroad,the ancient and modern,Chinese and foreign,provides reliable references for us.It is of great significance for the correct application of the crime to correctly understand the constitutive elements of the crime and the characteristics of the penalty.