脊髓室管膜细胞再生修复的潜力和其他相关细胞靶向治疗策略

Potential of spinal cord ependymal cells reproduction and other related cell targeted therapeutic strategies

中枢神经系统中,脊髓中央管室管膜细胞(EC)具有一定的再生修复能力,是特化的不仅限于功能形态学的活性单位,后者作为特定的术语,它的意义超出生理学和解剖学定义。在损伤条件下,EC即可增殖分化为星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和神经元。目前,复合生长因子和纤维蛋白支架的干细胞实验性治疗研究还存在长期疗效的争议。在中枢神经系统原位,使非神经元直接转化为功能性神经元研究方法,为脊髓损伤和疾病提供了新的治疗策略。在设计细胞治疗,如何控制EC增殖和分化或其他非神经元转化为神经元,继而形成和维持稳定有效的新生神经元功能,直至脊髓功能恢复仍然需要继续深入研究。我们需要一个全新的细胞组织概念,将神经干细胞栖地应用于中枢神经损伤等疾病的治疗和修复研究中,建立非传统的细胞分化和成熟的生物医疗微生态即环境再造治疗策略。

In the central nervous system, the ependymal cells （EC） in central canal of the spinal cord remain the persistence of a pool of stem and progenitor cells. Terminology of the EC niche as an entity of action not only showed neural stem cell potential but functioned beyond physiological and anatomical manners. The spinal cord EC generated astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons in vitro and in vivo in injured spinal cord. However, it was still a challenge that the long term survival of spinal cord injury （SCI） treated by the stem cells transplanted in a fibrin matrix with a growth factor cocktail. Recently, the non-neuronal cells were directly converted into functional neurons in vivo, which opened up a new cellular therapy. With ultimate design of the therapeutics, we still need further to investigate how to manipulation of the proliferation and differentiation of EC or reprogramming of non-neuronal components into neuronal compartments,and constitute and functionally sustain the transplantation of stem cells and cellular modification in vivo until functional recovery in following SCI. We should figure out a new concept other than the traditional cell and tissue, stem cell niche, which could be non-traditionally mimicked in our human bodies to treatment of SCI under biomedical micro-ecology.