高龄老年住院患者睡眠质量、生活质量及心理状态的相关性

Correlation among sleep quality,living quality and mental state among gerontal patients in hospital

目的探讨高龄老年住院患者睡眠质量、生活质量以及心理状态的相互关系。方法对2011年4至11月浙江医院收治的78例住院老年患者进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷（pittsburgh sleep quality index，PSQI）、健康调查简表（the MOS item short from health survey，SF-36）、老年抑郁问卷（the geriatric depression scale，GDS）以及焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale，SAS）评估。两组间的比较采用独立样本t检验；相关关系采用Pearson相关分析。结果78例老年患者PSQI总分为0～18（7.9±3.8）分；睡眠正常（PSQI≤7分）者38例（48.7%），睡眠障碍（PSQI〉7分）者40例（51.3%）。生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、精力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康评分分别为0～100（63.9±22.1）、0～100（56.4±42.2）、12～100（71.4±23.0）、10～75（47.3±13.8）、20～90（56.6±16.6）、0～100（78.7±22.3）、0～100（73.4±40.2）、40～100（68.7±12.2）分。GDS评分为1～17（6.3±4.2）分。SAS评分为25～69（40.2±7.9）分。其中男女患者睡眠质量、生活质量、焦虑程度及抑郁情况评分的差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。睡眠障碍组患者生理功能、生理职能、总体健康、精力的评分均明显低于睡眠正常组患者（t=4.21、2.30、2.30、2.96，P＜0.05或0.01），而SAS评分显著高于睡眠正常组患者（t=-3.05，P＜0.01）。PSQI总分与生理功能、生理职能、总体健康、精力评分均呈显著负相关（r=-0.51、-0.34、-0.25、-0.35，均P＜0.01），与SAS评分呈显著正相关（r=0.41，P＜0.01）；GDS评分与生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、精力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康评分均呈显著负相关（r=-0.34、-0.29、-0.32、-0.27、-0.30、-0.31、-0.33，均P＜0.01），与SAS评分呈显著正相关（r=0.44，P＜0.01）；SAS评分除与PSQI总分及GDS评分显著正相关外，还与生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康以及情感职能评分呈显著负相关（r=-0.33、-0.25、-0.25、-0.27，均P＜0.01）。结论高龄老年住院患者睡眠质量、生活质量和心理状态之间联系密切，应采取积极措施对睡眠、情绪问题进行干预，从而提高其生活质量。

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation among sleep quality, living quality and mental state among gerontal patients in hospital.MethodsPittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）, Short Form Health Survey （SF-36）, the Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS） and Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） were adopted to investigate the sleep quality, living quality, and mental states in 78 patients from April to November 2011, who older than 75 years in hospital. Measurement data of normal distributionwas expressed byx±s, the comparison between two groups was evaluated by independent-samplest test, correlativity was evaluated by pearson correlation analysis.Results The PSQI score of 78 patients was 0~18（7.9±3.8）. The number of normal sleeper（PSQI≤7） was 38（48.7%）; the number of sleep disorders patients（PSQI〉7）was 40（51.3%）. The scores of physical function （PF）, role-physical （RP）, Bodily Pain（BP）, general health （GH） and vitality （VT）, social function （SF）, role emotional （RE）, mental health were 0~100（63.9±22.1）, 0~100（56.4±42.2）, 12~100（71.4±23.0）, 10~75（47.3±13.8）, 20~90（56.6±16.6）, 0~100（78.7±22.3）, 0~100（73.4±40.2）, 40~100（68.7±12.2）respectively. The scores of sleep quality, living quality, degree of anxiety and depression between men and female had no statistically signiifcant differences （P〉0.05）. The scores of PF, RP, GH, VT in sleep disorders group were signiifcant lower than that in sleep normal group（t=4.21, 2.30, 2.30, 2.96;P〈0.05 or 0.01）, meanwhile the score of SAS was signiifcant higher than that in sleep normal group（t=-3.05,P〈0.01）. The score of PSQI was negatively correlated with physical function （PF）, role-physical （RP）, general health （GH） and vitality （VT）（r=-0.51,-0.34,-0.25,-0.35;P〈0.01）, and positively with score of SAS（r=0.41,P〈0.01）. The score of GDS was negatively correlated with PF, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE and MH（r=-0.34,-0.29,-0.32,-0.27,-0.30,-0.31,-0.33;P〈0.01）, meanwhile was positively correlated with score of SAS（r=0.04,P〈0.01）. The score of SAS was negatively correlated with PF, BP, GH and RE（r=-0.33,-0.25,-0.25,-0.27;P〈0.01）.Conclusion There are close correlation among sleep quality, living quality and mental state among gerontal patients in hospital. Positive measures should be taken to intervene the sleep and mental problems, thereby improve the living quality of patients.