基于SAS/SDS的桥隧施工人员心理因素对作业安全的影响分析

Influence Analysis of Psychological Factors of Bridge & Tunnel Builders on Operation Safety Based on SAS/SDS

桥隧工程施工属高危作业项目,施工人员的作业安全一直受到广泛重视,而施工人员的心理因素是施工安全的重要影响因素之一。为分析桥隧一线施工人员作业过程中的心理因素对作业安全的影响,通过焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和自制的相关影响因素量表,对安徽某桥隧工程一线施工人员的心理状况进行多次调研,依据调研的数据构建相关影响因素安全评价分析模型,并基于SPSS软件对施工人员的心理健康比率和心理因素进行相关性和多元逐步回归统计分析。结果表明:该桥隧一线施工人员整体心理状况较好,但轻度不良心理的发生比率均超过10%,具有一定普遍性;施工人员的工种、年龄、工作年限和居住环境等外部因素成为影响其心理健康的主要因素,当无法改变施工人员自身因素时,可通过增加文娱活动和改善居住环境等外部因素,使施工人员的心理不良情绪得以缓解,以提高施工作业的安全性。

Bridge tunnel engineering is a high-risk operation project,and the operation safety of front-line builders always attract widespread attention,while the psychological factor of builders is one of the most important factors which affect operation safety.To analyze the impact of the bridge tunnel builders＇ psychological factors on the safe operation of bridge and tunnel engineering,this paper conducts several studies on mental health of builders in a bridge and tunnel project in Anhui by utilizing the method of SAS/SDS as well as the self-made questionnaire of related factors.According to the data collected,the paper constructs the safety assessment analysis model of the related influencing factors,analyzes the ratio of the mental health,and conducts the correlation and multiple stepwise regression of psychological factors based on SPSS.The analysis results show that the overall psychological status of builders is good,but the incidence rate of mild adverse psychological is over 10% and such phenomenon is relatively universal.The types of work,age and working years are main factors affecting builders＇ mental health.Under the premise of not to change personal factors of builders,the enhancement of external factors such as cultural,recreational activities and living environment lead to relieve builders＇ negative emotions so as to increase the safety of bridge and tunnel engineering.