论陆游诗的泛海想象

On Lu You's Sea-related Imagination

陆游家乡山阴临近大海,他又曾四度罢官回乡,闲居家乡期间长达约三十年之久。因此,他与海有极深的缘分;再加上南宋复杂的时代背景与作者个人遭际不顺等因素,陆游有十一首藉泛海想象以抒发现实中愿望难以达成心理的诗篇。文章即针对这些文本作深入的探讨,分析、归纳出三种书写类型:一是藉征服天海的记梦,以抒发现实中杀敌心愿难遂的遗憾心理;二是藉醉求神山竟变化,来反映内心对生命危脆的焦虑感与对时局变化的无奈感;三是藉遨游仙乡的想象,暗示一己抗金理想乖离的失落心理。陆诗的泛海想象,在半梦幻、半现实的风格中,以多样的想象方式反映出以儒者积极入世为主要人生目的、以寻仙幻道为应付仕途事变打击的协调机制的独特思想结构。

Given the proximity of his hometown to the sea,his four-time resignation from his official post and his sojourn at home for about 30 years,Lu You was wedded to the sea,which,along with the complex social milieu of the South Song Dynasty and his eventful personal experiences,prompted him to write 11 poems themed on his failure to realize his aspiration by virtue of sea-related imagination. This paper attempts to explore and analyze the11 poems and classify them into three categories—poems recounting his dream of conquering the heaven and the sea so as to express his regret over his inability to fulfill his wish of fighting against the enemy in reality; poems narrating his anticipation through drunkenness for mountain changes to mirror his anxiety over the risk and fragility of life as well as his helplessness over changing situations in his heart; and poems relating his imaginary trips to the wonderland to imply his depression over the deviation of his view on resistance against the Jin Dynasty. Lu You＇s searelated poems,written in a half-illusion and half-reality manner,reflect the unique ideological structure of coordination mechanism aimed at stimulating intellectuals to actively participate in worldly affairs and to cope with misfortune in their official career through recourse to supernatural and magic power.