理想与现实:死刑改革与公众死刑威慑观念的转变

Ideal and Reality:Death Penalty Reform and the Transform of Death Penalty Deterrence Concept

死刑具有强大的威慑力,这在公众看来是不言自明的真理,也是死刑应当存在的重要根据。然而,死刑具有威慑力并不意味着死刑具有独一无二的威慑性。因此,死刑改革必须打破公众对死刑威慑功能的迷信,削弱公众对死刑的心理依赖。为此,我们需要完善社会治安综合治理,使公众在心理上接受少用死刑并不会危及安全;同时,要采取适当措施,逐步公布死刑数字,使公众在直观上接受死刑与社会秩序的稳定、安全没有必然联系。

The death penalty has a strong deterrent effect. It appears to be self-evident truth in public and also an important basis for the death penalty existence. However, the deterrence of death penalty does not mean it is unique. Thus, the death penalty reform must break the public＇s superstition of the death penalty deterrence function and undermine public psychological dependence on the death penalty. To this end, we need to improve the comprehensive management of social security and make the public accept psychologically that less death penalty will not compromise security; at the same time, we should take appropriate measures to gradually announce the death penalty figures and make the public accept that the death penalty and social stability and security are not necessarily linked.