清代达斡尔族对黑龙江边疆管理的贡献

Daur's Contribution to Heilongjiang Frontier Management in Qing Dynasty

清代前期,我国统一多民族国家进一步巩固和发展,近代中华民族基本成型,形成了少数民族多居住于边境地区的民族分布特点,明崇祯九年(1636年)后金改为清朝之前的达斡尔族,就是分布在黑龙江北,外兴安岭以南的边疆民族之一。有清一代,在诸如以少数民族为东北边疆屏藩,反击沙俄侵略,驻守卡伦、巡边,开垦屯田,牧放牲畜,发展边疆经济中,达斡尔族与有关兄弟民族一起,做出了重要贡献。

In the early Qing Dynasty,China has been strengthened and developed as an unified multi- ethnic country. Modern Chinese nation has been basically formed,which was characteristic of distribution in frontiers. After 1636 A. D.（ the 9th year of Chongzhen＇s reign,Ming Dynasty） and before Kin changed its name into Qing,Daur ethnic is one of the nationalities which distributed between Heilongjiang and Stanovoy Range. During Qing Dynasty,minorities lived in northeastern China as barrier of frontiers.They struck back against aggressors from tsarist Russia,garrisoned Kalun,patrolled frontiers,reclaimed farmlands,grazed,and developed the economy. Daur ethnic made a great contribution to these fields together with other nationalities.