钢筋混凝土建筑结构设计成本优化研究

Study on Optimizing the Cost in the Reinforced Concrete Building Structure Design

将钢筋混凝土建筑结构基础、柱、墙、梁、板、楼梯和钢筋的构件设计图示工程量设为变量,各构件工程量清单项目综合单价为市场价值条件,以建筑结构成本作为目标成本建立目标函数。将结构构件定额工料消耗量设定为工艺技术条件,以建筑结构工料消耗总量为目标资源限额,建立约束条件。通过统计分析预测目标成本及其工料构成要素、结构构件工程量取值范围,建立线性规划成本优化模型。基于数学规划将设计与市场、工艺、成本和资源相对接与互动,实现了设计阶段以成本和资源为目标的建筑结构构件图示工程量的优化配置。通过深圳市案例的分析表明,目标成本及资源限额优先前提下的建筑结构构件设计,可以有一个构件工程量的最优组合,并随着设计进程的推进,结构构件可以有进一步的量化配置。

Establish a target function by setting the quantities of foundation, pillar, wall, beam, plate, stairway, and steel bar of the rein- forced concrete building structure on the component design drawing as variables, the comprehensive unit price of each component in the bills of quantities as the market value, and the cost of building structure as the target cost; establish a constraint condition by set- ting the rated labor and material consumption of structural component as the condition of processing technology and the total labor and material consumption of building structure as the limited amount of target resources; establish a LP cost optimization model by predicting the target cost, the factors of labors and materials, and value range of quantities of structural components through statistic analysis. Based on the mathematical programming to connect the design with market, technology, cost, and resource and make them interact, the optimal configuration of quantities on the building structural component drawing was realized with the cost and resource as targets at the design stage. Through case analysis of shenzhen city, it shows that the building structural component design under the premise that the target cost and limited amount of resources are preferred can have an optimal combination of component quanti- ties, and the structural components can have a further quantitative configuration along with the advancing of design process.