非形式逻辑在司法裁判中的运作——以“指导案例17号”为分析样本

Informal Logic Operation in Judicial Judgment

传统的演绎逻辑由于其人工语言载体的缺失,司法裁判结果经常遭遇困境。考虑到非形式逻辑的兴起以及自然语言载体的特性,在传统的三段论之外,需要借助非形式逻辑推理得出裁判结果的合理内核。非形式逻辑推理的方法主要包括归纳、设证和类比,这些不同的方法在司法裁判的事实认定、法律规范发现、结论作出等方面发挥着不同的功能,并呈现出较为融贯的整体运作模型。

Because of the missing of the artificial language carrier of the tradit ional deductive logic, the judicial referee results often encounter with difficult ies. Considering the rise of informal logic and the natural language carrier features outside the traditional syllogism, it is necessary to obtain the reasonable cores of the referee results with the help of informal logic reasoning. Informal logic reasoning methods mainly include inductive reasoning, adductive reasoning and analogical reasoning, which plays a different function in the fact finding, legal norms found and conclusions made of judicial referee, and present a more melt penetration of the whole operation model.