论西汉黄老道家的去向--以《淮南子·道应训》所引《老子》为中心

A Study of the Direction of Huang-Lao Daoism in the Western Han Dynasty:Centered on Laozi Referenced by the Piece “Daoying” in Huainanzi

通过对《淮南子·道应训》的分析可以得知,在汉初的文景期间,至少在淮南之地,业已明显存在着欲以老庄的角度,而非黄老角度,对《老子》进行再解释的动向。《道应训》所引用的《老子》,虽然与汉初黄老道家使用的文本大致属于同一系列,但是,其所持立场却绝不是黄老道家的。在《老子》经典化的最终过程中,《淮南子·道应训》呈现出《老子》解释史上的一个转机,而且是方向性的转变,即由战国时期以来的黄老道家,向与之立场不同的老庄道家的转变。

Through analyzing the piece'Daoying'(Response of Dao)in Huainanzi,we can learn that,at least in Huainan area during the reigns of Han Emperors Wendi and Jingdi,there existed a trend of re-interpreting Laozi as apart of a Laozi-Zhuangzi dichotomy,not an Emperor Huangdi-Laozi dichotomy.Although Laozi referenced by the piece'Daoying'generally belongs to the same series with the text used by the Huang-Lao Daoists in the early Han period,it holds a position different from that of the Huang-Lao Daoism.In the final process of canonization of Laozi,the piece'Daoying'demonstrates a favorable and directional turn in the history of the interpretation of Laozi,i.e.a change from the Huang-Lao Daoism since the Warring States period to the Lao-Zhuang Daoism.