阿克苏市空气污染及其变化分析

Air Pollution and Its Change Trend over Aksu City

根据2001—2010年环保部发布的阿克苏市城市空气质量监测数据,分析了各污染物浓度的变化特征,并采用Daniel趋势检验的Spearman秩相关系数法,对该市空气质量变化趋势进行了定量分析,确定空气中的主要污染物,探讨了环境空气质量变化趋势。结果表明:2001—2010年各月平均PM10浓度表现为3月最大(0.818 mg·m^(-3))、9月最低(0.282 mg·m^(-3)),PM_(10)浓度在10 a内表现出春季高(0.760 mg·m^(-3))、秋季低(0.305 mg·m^(-3))的特征;2001—2010年各月平均SO_2浓度表现为1月(0.028 mg·m^(-3))最大、6月(0.012 mg·m^(-3))最低,SO_2浓度在10 a内表现出冬季高(0.027 mg·m^(-3))、夏季低(0.012 mg·m^(-3))的特征;2001—2010年各月平均NO_2浓度表现为12月(0.032 mg·m^(-3))最大,7月(0.019 mg·m^(-3))最低,NO_2浓度在10 a内表现出冬季高(0.030 mg·m^(-3))、夏季低(0.020 mg·m^(-3))的特征,且供暖期高于非供暖期;阿克苏市空气污染以可吸入颗粒物为首要污染物,空气质量状况以良居多。从年际变化来看,SO_2、NO_2呈显著上升趋势,而PM10总体呈显著下降趋势,阿克苏市空气质量总体上逐年趋好。

According to the monitoring information and data of air quality over Aksu City,issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection during the period of 2001- 2010,the change of concentrations of air pollutants and its trend were quantitatively analyzed using the Daniel Spearman rank correlation coefficient test so as to determine the main air pollutants and air quality trend as well as their impacts on environment. The results showed that the monthly PM10 concentration was the highest in March（ 0. 818 mg·m^（-3）） and the lowest in September（ 0. 282 mg·m^（-3））during the period of 2001- 2010; seasonally,the PM10 concentration was high in spring（ 0. 760 mg·m^（-3）） and low in fall（ 0. 305 mg·m^（-3）） in recent 10 years. According to the distribution of monthly SO_2 concentration during the period of 2001- 2010,the monthly SO_2 concentration was the highest in January（ 0. 028 mg·m^（-3）） and the lowest in June（ 0. 012 mg·m^（-3））; seasonally,the SO_2 concentration was high in winter（ 0. 027 mg·m^（-3）） and low in summer（ 0. 012 mg·m^（-3）） in recent 10 years. The monthly NO_2 concentration was the highest in December（ 0. 032 mg·m^（-3）） and the lowest in July（ 0. 019 mg·m^（-3）） during the period of 2001- 2010; seasonally,the NO_2 concentrations was high in winter（ 0. 030 mg ·m^（-3）） and low（ 0. 020 mg·m^（-3）） in summer in recent 10 years. Air pollution was more serious in heating period than that in non- heating period. Air pollutants in Aksu City were dominated by inhalable particles,and the air quality was generally good. From the view of the annual variation,SO_2 and NO_2were in a significant increase trend,PM10 was in an obvious decrease trend,and the urban air quality over Aksu was holistically improved year by year.