王世贞“格调”早晚两期比较研究——钱谦益“弇州晚年定论”研究方法刍议

A Comparative Study of “Style”in Wang Shizhen's Early Years and Old Age: On the Research Methods of Qian Qianyi's “Yan State Final Judgment in Old Age”

王世贞早年对格调的产生原因、"情、格、调"内涵都有清晰阐释。诗应抒写物理人情与君子性情、创建明朝盛世文学的高格正调,这一格调论主张,王世贞终生都未改变。但晚年又确有转变,追求"格降而博求其变"的平和老成风调。"变"与"不变"性质,是本质坚守格调不变,方法上变为深化与完善。王世贞重要问题的早晚年比较,为解决钱谦益"弇州晚年定论",提供了研究方法与实证内容。

In his early years,Wang Shizhen clearly explained the reasons for style production and the connotations about emotion,style and tone. Wang Shizhen never changed his propositions in his life,insisting on the essential style theory that on the one hand,poem should express the world truth,human feelings,and gentleman temperament; on the other hand,it should establish noble style and high- spirit tone of the Ming Dynasty＇s heyday literature. But in his old age,there were indeed some changes,e. g. he pursued the peaceful and the well- versed tones of sinking style and wide varying. Relationship between ＂change＂and ＂invariable＂was that he still adhered to the style in essence,but attempted to deepen and improve it methodologically. A comparative study of the important issues in Wang Shizhen＇s early years and old age helps to provide both the research methods and the empirical contents for the solution to the problems of Qian Qianyi＇s ＂Yan State Final Judgment in Old Age＂.