滑阀式压缩空气发动机实验研究

Experimental Study on Sliding Type of Compressed Air Engine

为优化气动发动机设计,提高气动发动机的工作性能,在一台由四冲程汽油机改装的二冲程气动发动机上进行了详细的台架试验。提出一个评价气动发动机性能的新指标——气动发动机平均有效压力和缸内平均压力的比值。采用钢、铝和尼龙三种材料制作相同尺寸的配气滑块进行试验,结果表明配气滑块的质量,对气动发动机动力性有影响。对进气持续角为128°、143°和156°的尼龙材料配气滑块进行试验,试验结果表明增大进气持续角可以提高压缩空气的膨胀效率。在三种不同压缩比的状况下进行了气动发动机试验。试验证明在传统内燃机的基础上改装气动发动机时,增大发动机压缩比,会降低压缩空气的膨胀效率。

To optimize the design and improve the work performance of the air-powered engine, a series of detailed experiments is carried out on a two stroke air-powered engine which is refitted by a 4-stroke single-cylinder petrol engine. A new index is proposed to evaluate performance of the air-powered engine--the ratio of the mean effective pressure and the average pressure in the engine cylinder. Using steel, aluminum and nylon as three different kinds of material, the same size of the air distribution sliding block are made for the test. Experimental result shows that the weight of the air distribution sliding block has influence on the performance of the air-powered engine. Three pieces of air distribution sliding block whose intake duration angle are 128°, 143° and 156° are used for the test. Experimental result shows that increasing intake duration angle can improve the expansion efficiency of the compressed air. A test is carried out under the condition of three different compression ratio. Experimental result shows that when we refit the air-powered engine based on the traditional gasoline engine and increase engine compression ratio, the expansion efficiency of the compressed air may be reduced.