纳米催化剂组分和形貌对其氧还原电催化性能的影响

Effects of Composition and Shape of Nanocatalysts on the Electrocatalytic Properties for Oxygen Reduction

近年来,随着纳米技术的发展,纳米材料由于其独特的性质已被广泛应用于各种领域.纳米催化剂的大小、形貌、组成和结构是影响材料性质的主要参数.本文主要介绍铂(Pt)及Pt基催化剂中PtPd、FePt、PtNi合金组分和形貌对氧还原的活性和稳定性的影响.Pt催化剂主要通过控制形貌改变氧还原性能.Pt基催化剂的组分和形貌的不同会导致其催化性能的不同,只有特定组分或形貌的催化剂才具有与商业Pt/C相媲美的氧还原性能.

Recently, with the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely used to various fields because of their unique properties. It is well-known that the size, shape, composition and structure of nanocatalysts have strongly effects on the properties of nanomaterials. This article reviewed the influences of composition and shape of Pt based nanomaterials, including PtPd, FePt and PtNi, on their eleetrocatalytic activities and stability for oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）. The electrocatalytic oxygen reduction performance of Pt catalyst is sensitive to the surface structure. Meanwhile, the different composition and shape of Pt-based catalysts may cause the obvious change of the catalytic properties for ORR. It has been found that only Pt-based catalysts with specific shape or composition can show comparable ORR catalytic performance to commercial Pt/C catalyst.