基于县域单元的城镇居民收入时空差异分析——以中原城市群为例

Spatial-temporal Difference of Urban ResidentsAverage Income Based on County Scale in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration

依据中原城市群2000—2013年县域单元城镇居民收入统计数据,采用数理统计和空间统计分析法对中原城市群城镇居民收入水平区域差异的时空变化态势进行研究.研究表明:(1)中原城市群城镇居民收入总体差异明显,在空间上表现出集聚分布态势,整体上呈现出"中心—外围"的空间结构特征;(2)2000—2013年间中原城市群城镇居民收入水平相对差异表现出先上升后下降的变化趋势,在2008年达到最大值,而绝对差异则持续增大;(3)居民收入高值集聚区主要分布在以郑州和洛阳为中心的区域,低值集聚区主要分布于中原城市群北部、东部、南部等外围区域,两极差异日益增强.最后,从产业结构、城镇化水平、区位优势、人口素质以及政策机制5个方面对城镇居民收入水平区域差异的影响机制进行分析并提出相关建议.

The research has taken county as the unit, and the range of the study area is the 56 counties among the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration. In the paper, Based on the statistics from 2000 to 2013 of the county-level urban residents＇ average income among the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, a research on the spatial-temporal pattern and evolvement trend of the urban residents＇ average income disparity in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration has been carried out by the method of mathematical statistics and spatial statistics. The research results show： Firstly, The gap of the urban residents＇ average income in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration is obvious in general. It also shows the trend of cluster in space and the spatial structure characteristics of ＂core- marginal＂ in summary. Secondly, The relative difference of urban residents＇ average income in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration presents the changing trend of rising first and falling later. It reaches the maximum in 2008. However, the absolute difference has been continuing to increase.Gini coefficient is increasing, which indicates that the development direction of the urban residents＇ average income distribution is unbalanced gradually. Thirdly, The residents＇ high income gathering area is taking Zhengzhou and Luoyang as the centre. The residents＇ low income gathering area is mainly in the north, east and south of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration. high income gathering area and low income gathering area are significant differences. Finally, The research has mainly analyzed the influence mechanism of regional difference of urban residents＇ income from the following five factors, such as industrial structure, urbanization level, location advantage, population quality, and policy mechanism. It has also given some related suggestion, hoping to provide scientific reference for the regional coordinated development within the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration.