杭州地区扶桑绵粉蚧危害调查及系统进化分析

Infestation and phylogenetic study of an invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis in Hangzhou

【背景】扶桑绵粉蚧是近年来入侵我国的重要检疫性害虫,在我国多个省份均有发生,造成了严重的经济损失。【方法】于2009—2015年对杭州地区扶桑绵粉蚧的发生危害情况进行了实地调查,同时结合mt DNA COI分子标记方法,对扶桑绵粉蚧进行分子鉴定和系统进化分析。【结果】杭州市余杭区、萧山区和临安市3个地区发现扶桑绵粉蚧分布,共调查到寄主植物38科61属68种,以辣椒、茄子、番茄、南瓜、棉花、芝麻、菊花、苦荬菜、大花马齿苋和五色梅受害最严重。系统进化分析表明,杭州地区的扶桑绵粉蚧未发生明显的遗传分化,与我国其他地区扶桑绵粉蚧mt DNA COI基因相似度为99.4%-100%。【结论与意义】本研究为进一步研究扶桑绵粉蚧的遗传进化、可能的侵入途径以及科学防控提供了理论基础。

[ Background] The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, is an important invasive pest, which has spread rapidly and caused serious damage in China in recent years. [ Method] During 2009 to 2015, we investigated the infestation of P. so- lenopsis in Hangzhou. We also identified the plants on which mealybug were present and constructed a phylogeny tree based on mtD- NA COl sequencing. [ Result] The results showed P. solenopsis were dispersedly distributed in Yuhang, Xiaoshan and Lin＇an coun- ties of the Province of Hangzhou. Altogether presence of the mealy bug 68 plant species from 61 genera and belonging to 38 families were recorded, among which Capsicum annuum, Solanum melongena, Solanum lycopersicum, Cucurbita moschata, Gossypium sp., Sesamum indicum, Dendranthema morifolium, Ixeris polycephala, Portulaca grandiflora and Lantana camara caused the most dam- age. Based on mtDNA COI sequences, the results showed there was no obvious genetic differentiation among the populations of P. Solenopsis from Hangzhou. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the P. Solenopsis from Hangzhou shared 99.4% - 100% identity with others from China. [ Conclusion and significance] The results provided the theoretical foundation for the studies of genetic evolution, invasive ways, prevention and control of P. solenopsis.