基于计划行为理论注册护士帮助住院患者戒烟行为的研究

Study on registered nurses' behaviors of helping hospitalized patients' smoking cessation based on the Theory of Planned Behavior( TPB)

目的基于计划行为理论探究注册护士帮助住院患者戒烟行为及其影响因素,为采取有效干预措施促进注册护士帮助住院患者戒烟行为提供理论依据。方法以计划行为理论的问卷编制框架为指导,从行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制、行为意愿、行为五个方面编制注册护士帮助住院患者戒烟问卷,经过信度与效度检验后,使用正式问卷对638名护士进行调查,并通过结构方程模型验证所构建的理论模型。结果基于计划行为理论,注册护士帮助住院患者戒烟的模型解释了护士帮助行为和行为意愿方差变异的43.00%和36.00%,行为意愿的直接作用与感知行为控制的间接作用对帮助行为产生的影响明显。结论针对性地改善行为意愿和感知行为控制是对护士帮助住院患者戒烟行为进行干预的重点。

Objective Based upon the Theory of Planned Behavior（ TPB）,this study aimed to investigate registered nurses＇ behavior of helping hospitalized patients＇ smoking cessation and its influencing factors,and thus provide the theoretical basis for taking effective intervention to promote such behavior. Methods With the guidance of the framework of questionnaire development based on TPB,we developed the questionnaire which consisted of five sub-areas： behavioral attitude（ BA）,subjective norm（ SN）,perceived behavioral control（ PBC）,behavioral intention（ BI） and behavior（ B）. After testing reliability and validity,the formal questionnaire was distributed among 638 nurses,and the theoretical model was verified through the structural equation model（ SEM）. Results The model of registered nurse＇s behaviors of helping hospitalized patients＇ smoking cessation based on the TPB explained the 43. 00 percent and 36. 00 percent of the variance of behavior and the behavioral intention respectively. Among these factors,the direct effect of BI and the indirect effect of PBC on nurses＇ behavior were statistically significant. Conclusions The targeted improvement of the behavioral intention and perceived behavioral control is the key to the intervention in nurses＇ behavior of helping hospitalized patients＇ smoking cessation.