河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)在生态毒理学研究中的应用与评价

A Review of Ecotoxicological Studies of Corbicula fluminea

河蚬是大型底栖双壳类生物,广泛分布于我国淡水水域。它具有个体小、分布广、来源方便、易于实验室驯养等特点,常被作为受试生物用于毒理学研究中,为评价污染物毒性作用提供有价值信息。从河蚬对各化学品的行为响应、耐受性以及生理生化指标响应三个方面详细阐述了其在生态毒理学中的研究现状。最后指出将河蚬应用于毒理学研究领域的过程中存在的待完善之处,并对其研究前景进行了展望。总结出其可用于中国淡水水质基准制定、化学品毒性评价以及生物监测领域,具有广阔的研究前景。

Corbicula fluminea is a large benthic bivalve mollusk and is commonly found in freshwater areas in China. Due to some advantages,such as small size,wide distribution,convenient sources,and easy acclimation in the laboratory,Corbicula fluminea is frequently used in toxicology to evaluate potential effects of environmental pollutants. This study summarized the present research findings of Corbicula fluminea in ecotoxicology,including its behavioral responses,tolerance,and physiological and biochemical responses to different types of pollutants. We also pointed out the weakness for practical application of the clam,and discussed the research trend and its application in ecotoxicology in the future. Because of its convenience and representativeness,Corbicula fluminea has a very broad research prospective,practically in developing domestic freshwater quality criteria,evaluation of chemicals toxicity and bio-monitoring areas.