广州市幼儿园儿童对羟基苯甲酸酯内暴露水平及分布特征

Levels and Distribution Characteristics of Urinary Parabens in Kindergarteners Living in Guangzhou,China

对羟基苯甲酸酯是一种防腐剂和抑菌剂,广泛应用于食品、药品和化妆品等行业。研究已证实对羟基苯甲酸酯具有一定的生殖毒性、发育毒性以及雌激素活性。通过测定尿液中对羟基苯甲酸酯的含量,可综合地反映出人体对羟基苯甲酸酯的暴露情况。本研究采集66例广州市某幼儿园儿童尿样,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测了其中对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯和对羟基苯甲酸苄酯等5种对羟基苯甲酸酯浓度水平。对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯和对羟基苯甲酸丙酯的中值浓度分别为4.42、1.39和1.74μg·L^(-1)。对羟基苯甲酸丁酯和对羟基苯甲酸苄酯检出率较低。本研究中广州市幼儿园儿童对羟基苯甲酸酯含量水平远低于欧美国家同龄儿童,而与印度同龄儿童水平相当。相关性分析显示,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯与对羟基苯甲酸丙酯呈一定程度的相关性,暗示二者可能有相同的来源。

Parabens are widely used as anti-microbial preservatives in foods,pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Previous studies indicated that parabens were of reproductive and developmental toxicity,as well as estrogenic activity.Biomonitoring of urinary parabens can comprehensively reflect the exposure levels of parabens for humans. In this study,66 urine samples were collected from children in kindergartens in Guangzhou and five urinary parabens were determined by using LC-MS / MS. Methyl,ethyl and n-propyl parabens were frequently detected in urine samples,and their median concentrations were 4. 42,1. 39 and 1. 74 μg·L^-1,respectively. The detection frequencies of butyl and benzyl parabens were quite low. Compared with other studies in other counties,the levels of parabens in this study were much lower than those in USA and European countries,but comparable to those in Indian. Methylparaben and n-propyl paraben were in a certain degree of correlation,indicating them may come from the same sources.