清末知识分子“天下观”向民族国家观的转变

Transformation of the World View towards National View of the Intellectuals at the End of Qing Dynasty

甲午战败,中国面临亡国的危机,知识分子以华夏文化(儒家文化是其代表)为中心的"天下观"开始动摇,逐步向以国家利益为中心的近代民族国家观念转变。中华民国的建立初步完成从传统王朝国家向近代民族国家的转型,知识分子形成多元一体的中华民族观念。

After the failure of the Sino-Japanese War,China was in danger of national subjugation. Therefore,the world view of the intellectuals which was based on Chinese culture with Confucian culture as its representative began to lose its power. And it was changed into a national view which took national benefits as its prior consideration. The establishment of the Republic of China finished the transformation from a traditional dynasty state to a modern nation state. So,the intellectuals bore a Chinese national view with diversity and unity as its characteristics.