我国农业信息化建设的实践与思考——基于“辽宁模式”的探索与启示

Practices and reflections of agricultural informatization construction in China: A case study of the “Liaoning Model”

以辽宁省为研究对象,基于大量实地考察,以信息进村入户为突破口,探讨新常态下农业信息化发展之路。结果表明,辽宁省始终坚持以12316为主线、以整合资源为动力、主导创新发展机制、强调数据积累与挖掘、以信息技术为引领的"5个始终坚持",总结出以"平台综合统一、体系纵向贯通、运营市场外包、数据深入挖掘"为主要特征的"辽宁模式"。新常态下"辽宁模式"向"一体化、多维度、可持续"发展的创新性探索,阐述了不断强化信息平台的市场服务功能、农民权益保护功能、社会化服务功能、便民服务功能、电子商务功能等适应农业农村经济新常态新需要的"5个强化功能"实践,剖析了我国农业信息化推进过程中的农业部门角色定位、公益服务边界确定、运用机制模式、平台建设等关键问题,提出了通过探索信息服务机制模式、加大信息服务投入力度、凝聚信息服务社会资源、整合信息服务数据资源加快我国农业信息化发展。

Taking Liaoning Province as an example, based on the extensive field interviews and case studies, this paper discussed the idea of taking ＂Information Entering Households＂ as a breakthrough and the path of agricultural informatization under the ＂New Norm＂. Results showed that the ＂Liaoing Model＂ successfully developed the ＂5 persistent strategies＂, including taking 12316 hotline as the main leading force, using resource integration as the driving force, supporting by mechanism innovation, emphasizing the data accumulation and mining, and encouraging information technology innovation. The ＂Liaoning Model＂ can also be summarized as a ＂comprehensive and unified platform, and longitudinal linkage system with market operation outsourcing and in-depth data mining＂. This research also found that the ＂Liaoning Model＂ was an ＂integrated, multi-dimensional, and sustainable＂ system under the ＂New Norm＂. The ＂5 intensive functions＂ to adapt the rural economy trader the ＂New Norm＂ were illustrated with the market service of information platform, the protection of farmers＇ rights, the social services, the convenience services, and the electronic commerce. The main challenges in the process of agricultural informatization are the positioning of agricultural department, how to define the boundary of the public services, the application of the development model, and the platform construction of agricultural sectors. Suggestions to accelerate China＇s agricultural informatization include exploring information service mechanism, increasing information service input, aggregating social resources for information service, and integrating data resources for information service.