合肥市学校和托幼机构儿童流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of mumps in kindergartens and schools of Hefei

目的了解合肥市学校和托幼机构流行性腮腺炎(以下简称"流腮")流行病学特征,为制定有针对性的预防措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究的方法,对合肥市学校和托幼机构流腮疫情的流行学特征进行描述和分析。结果合肥市学校和托幼机构2007—2014年合肥市共报告流腮13 938例,其中11 781例发生在学校和托幼机构,占所有病例的84.52%,年报告平均发病率为37.08/10万;学校流腮全年均有病例报告;年龄组以小学生为主,占到总病例的占学校总发病人数的55.54%;暴发疫情均发生在学校,共发生274起暴发疫情,涉及到271所学校,病例数为2 258例,无死亡病例。结论小学生是流腮防控的重点人群;借助入学、入托预防接种证查验工作,提高含腮腺炎成分疫苗接种水平;对于流腮暴发疫情,争取尽早应急接种疫苗。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in schools and kindergartens of Hefei,and to provide the basis for preventive measures. Methods Routine surveillance data on mumps outbreak in kindergarten and schools were analyzed. Results During the year of 2007- 2014, there were reported mumps 13 938 cases, 11 781 of which occurred in schools and kindergartens, accounting for 84.52% of all cases. Annual incidence rate was 37.08 / 100 000. School mumps cases were reported all the entire year. Primary students accounted for 55.54% of the total cases. A total of 274 outbreaks occurred in 271 kindergartens and schools, there is no case of death. Conclusion Students are the targeted population for mump prevention and control. Vaccination certificate inspection and 2 dose of MCV vaccination is important steps for mump prevention.