外挂式轻钢龙骨墙体-钢框架连接受力性能研究

Mechanical behavior of connections between out-hung light-gauge steel stud walls and steel frames

为提高腹板开孔轻钢龙骨外围护墙体的装配化程度,实现该类墙体的整片式吊装,提出了该类墙体与钢框架之间的外挂式连接方案。考虑钻尾钉、长螺栓两种连接型式及墙体厚度的影响,设计5片外挂于足尺钢框架的墙体标准单元,试验研究连接在风压与风吸荷载作用下的可靠性。采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立实体有限元模型,在验证了有限元模型合理可靠的基础上,分析风压与风吸荷载作用下,不同厚度墙体与钢框架连接的应力状态与传力路径。在此基础上,对2组外挂于钢框架的3 m×3 m足尺腹板开孔轻钢龙骨墙体进行了滞回试验,其中一组外挂墙体开设窗洞口,窗墙面积比为0.3,验证外挂式连接在地震作用下的可靠性。研究表明,钻尾钉难以保证风吸荷载作用下墙体连接的受力性能;当腹板开孔轻钢龙骨墙体与钢框架间采用外挂式连接时,建议采用长螺栓连接型式。长螺栓外挂式连接传力明确、施工方便;在风压、风吸及面内水平荷载作用下,墙体发生破坏时,连接区域材料未屈服,龙骨未发生局部屈曲,不会发生脆性破坏,在常用墙体厚度范围内均留有较高的安全储备,能够达到"强连接弱构件"的设计理念。

In order to improve the efficiency in the assembly and construction of light-gauge slotted steel stud enclosing walls, connections between such enclosing walls and steel frames have been proposed to make sure that the wall can be fully pre-assembled and the entire wall system can be hoisted and out-hung to the steel frame on site. Using self- drilling screws or long hex bolts as the connectors between enclosing walls and steel frames, five wall elements with different wall thicknesses which were out-hung to the full-scale steel frame were tested to investigate the reliability of the connections subjected to wind compression and wind suction loading. Using ABAQUS, solid finite element models were built to investigate the stress states in connection for enclosing walls with different thicknesses and subjected to wind compression and wind suction loading, and how the loading transfers from walls to the steel frame after the validation of the reliability of the finite element model. Hysteretic experiments were then carried out on two full-scale steel frames with 3m ~ 3m enclosing walls to further investigate the reliability of the connections under earthquake. One of the full-scale wall specimens had window opening with the ratio of the window opening area to the wall area equal to 0.3. It has been concluded that using self-drilling screw the loading, while long hex bolts are suggested to be used as the steel frame due to the clear loading transfer path and the ease connection is not safe when subjected to wind suction connectors when the enclosing wall is out-hung to the in construction. Using long hex bolts, the materials of the connection do not yield at the failure of the walls to wind loading or in-plane horizontal loading, and no local buckling or other kinds of sudden failure occurs in connection parts. For the enclosing walls with commonly used thickness, the connectors are safe enough and can meet the design theory of ＇ strong member while stronger connection＇.