5Thomas E. Ruggiero. "Uses and Gratifications Theory in the 21st Century ", Mass communication & Sociat, 2000, ( 1 ).
6Leung,L. & Wei,R. "The gratfications of pager use:sociability, information -seeking,entertainment,utility,and fashionable sta- tus", Telematics and Informatics, 1998, ( 15 ).
7Dimmic, J. w. , & Patterson, S. J. " The gratifications of Household Telephone Sociality, Instrumetary and Reassurance", Communi- cation Research, 1994, (5).
8Ozcan, Y. Z. , et al. "Research Note: A Need or a Status Symbol? Use of Cellular Telephones in Turkey", European Journal of Communication ,2003, ( 18 ).
9Wei, R. " Motivations for using the mobile phone for mass communications and entertainment", Telematics and Informatics, 2008, (25).
10Donna, J. & Fraacr. J. M. , "Text or Talk? Social Anxiety, Loneliness, and Divergent Preferences for Cell Phone Use " , Cyber Psychology and Behavior,2007, (3).
