高盐食品中铅测定方法的研究进展

Research progress on the determination methods of lead in high salt foods

目前,高盐食品中铅的测定方法主要有原子吸收光谱法(包括石墨炉原子吸收法和火焰原子吸收光谱法法)、原子荧光光谱法及双硫腙比色法。此外,还有电感耦合等离子质谱法和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法。电感耦合等离子体质谱法具有极高的灵敏度与较宽的线性范围,并且不受高盐食品中氯化钠的干扰,对高盐食品中铅的测定具有很强的优势。石墨炉原子吸收光谱法操作简便、灵敏度高,但容易产生基体干扰,主要表现为产生严重的背景吸收,对测定结果造成很大的影响。国家标准方法测定高盐食品的铅含量,通常需加入适当的基体改进剂并优化仪器条件,才能得到准确的实验结果。本文综合概述了上述常用检测方法在高盐食品中铅含量的应用,以期为相关研究提供参考。

At present, the national standard methods for the determination of lead include atomic absorption spectrometry（including graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and flame method）, atomic fluorescence spectrometry and dithizone colorimetric method. In addition, there are inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）. ICP-MS has a very high sensitivity and wide linear range, and has a strong advantage to determine lead in high salt foods without interference of sodium chloride. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry is simple and easy, high sensitive, but prone to interference matrix with serious back ground absorption which results in big impact on the measured results. The national standard method for determination of the lead in high salt foods needs to add the appropriate matrix modifier and optimize the instrument conditions so as to get precise results. This paper summarized the applications of common methods for the determination of lead in high salt foods, in order to provide references for relevant researches.