晚清湘学发展的县学因素

The Role of County Schools in the Development of Neo- Confucianism in Hunan in the Late Qing Dynasty

湘学在经历了元、明时期的相对沉寂之后,进入了晚清繁盛时期。促成这一时期的繁盛现象,除了学术发展内在的规律及客观环境外,县域人文因素或曰县学的积淀,是重要的元素。新化邓显鹤于湖湘文献特别是船山遗书的收集整理、湘乡曾国藩经世理学士人群体的崛起、浏阳谭嗣同对中西学术的融通,促成了晚清湘学的发展与转型。

After experiencing a phase of silence in Yuan and Ming Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism in Hunan saw a cultural boom in the late Qing Dynasty. In addition to the inherent laws and objective environment, the factor of academic develop-ment, county humanity, or the accumulation and rising of County schools have played important roles in this prosperous peri-od. The collections and arrangements made by Deng Xian-he （ born in Xinhua, Hunan） in Hunan literature documents, es-pecially the Chuan Shan’ s Surviving Books, the rise of Practical Confucianism scholars, like Zeng Guo-fan （ born in Xiangx-iang, Hunan）, efforts of Tan Si-tong （born in Liuyang, Hunan） made in Chinese-western academic bridge-all these pro-moted the development and transformation of Neo-Confucianism in Hunan in the late Qing Dynasty.