未来教育变革的主题:如何促进学习的个性化——访美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学教授凯尔·派克博士

The Theme of Education Reform in the Future: How to Promote Personalized Learning——An Interview with Dr. Kyle L. Peck, Professor from the Pennsylvania State University

教育即将发生巨大变革,学习的个性化是最为重要的变化。当我们开始使用当今各种强有力的传送教学信息和材料的方法时,便可以超越分组教学法,从效率低下、效果欠佳的方法中解脱出来。当前创建模拟和个性化学习系统的新技术正在不断涌现,它将成为助燃剂,促使当今的教育环境更为"完美"。在智能技术无孔不入的世界,教师不会被取代,但是却可能被"重置",他们将从学习层次中的底层被重置于高层。虽然在线课程学习中的高辍学率、学分质量存疑、考试作弊等状况确实客观存在,但是注重能力导向的设计方法可以缓解这些问题。未来将是学习与学习者的"买方市场",每一位学习者可以根据具体情况,通过放弃或者增添学习目标使自己的个性化学习路径发生变化。数字徽章作为小型的电子档案袋,能够记录学习者专业准备的每一个重要方面,为学习者的能力发展提供数字证据,同时也为"微认证"提供了可操作的途径。在在线教育不可避免的潮流中,大学作为正规教育服务的主要提供者,应该在如何促进学习的个性化方面积极地做出回应,谨防"破坏性创新"对高等教育市场的侵蚀。

Big changes would occur in education, and the most important one will be the personalization of learning. By using the powerful methods of delivering the instruction and learning materials, we can move beyond group teaching and get free from current methods, which is very inefficient and ineffective. The new technologies,which are used to create the simulations and personalized learning systems, spring up as accelerant fuel to help today＇s educational environment become more ＂perfect＂. In the world where smart technologies are becoming ubiquitous, teachers will not be replaced, but they will be ＂re-placed＂, from the bottom of the learning hierarchy to the top. The problems such as the high dropout rate, the quality of credits, and cheat in the online exams or tests really exist in online courses, however, the competence-oriented design of them can mitigate these problems. Future will be a ＂buyers market＂ for learning and learners, in which, each learner can modify his/her personal pathway for learning by giving up or adding some learning objects according to his/her own particular situation. As a mini-electronic portfolio, the digital badge can be used to record every important aspect of a learner＇s professional preparation, which will provide digital evidence for the development of a learner＇s competence, and also an operable way for the ＂certified micro＂. In the inevitable trend of online education, as the provider of formal education service,universities should make a respond actively to how to promote the personalized learning and beware of ＂disruptive innovation＂ eroding the market of higher education.