冲压法上颌窦底提升术在剩余牙槽嵴高度小于5mm时植入体的稳定性研究

The stability study of implants by appling the osteotome sinus floor elevation when residual bone height is less than 5 mm

目的：观察剩余牙槽骨高度小于5 mm时运用冲压法上颌窦底提升术植入体的稳定性。方法：应用冲压法上颌窦底提升术同期种植修复患者65例分为两组,A组：剩余牙槽嵴高度〈5 mm,B组：患者剩余牙槽嵴高度5-10mm。在种植体植入后及修复前分别测量种植体近中、远中、颊侧、舌侧的稳定系数,取平均值记录为该种植体的稳定系数,比较两组间种植体稳定系数在植入后和修复前有无差异。同时分析不同长度和直径的种植体在稳定性方面的差异。结果：A组植入种植体30枚（完成修复29枚）,B组植入种植体54枚（完成修复54枚）,A组种植体存留率为96.67%,B组为100.00%。A组的剩余牙槽嵴高度3.89±0.72 mm,B组为7.79±1.52 mm。A组种植体的稳定系数由种植体植入后的67.28±1.70增加到种植体修复前的76.31±2.22,B组种植体的稳定系数由种植体植入后的69.51±1.60增加到种植体修复前的76.65±2.49。8 mm与10 mm长的种植体在修复前的稳定性系数分别为76.75±2.71和76.51±2.37。直径4.1 mm与4.8 mm的种植体在修复前的稳定性系数分别为76.62±2.39和76.16±2.40。结论：上颌后牙缺失剩余牙槽骨高度〈5 mm时,运用冲压法上颌窦底提升术植入种植体的稳定性是可以预期的。

Objective：This study analysis the stability of using osteotome sinus floor elevation to implant when the residual bone height in posterior maxilla area is less than 5 mm,providing references in the use of osteotome sinus floor elevation in clinical treatment when the alveolar ridge in posterior maxilla area suffers severe atrophy. Method：Separate the 65 patients into two groups which received implantation and restoration by using osteotome sinus floor elevation during October2013 to October 2014 in our department. Group A： patients with the residual bone height less than 5 mm. Group B： patients with residual bone height between 5 - 10 mm. Measure the implant stability quotient of plants in the near, far, buccal, lingual both before the implant restoration modulus and after the implantation, then take the average record as the implant stability quotient, and make a comparison between these two groups to find if there is any difference in implant stability quotient both after the implantation and before restoration. Then, make an analysis on the differences of implants with different length and diameter in terms of stability. Result：Group A： implanted 30 implants（29 repaired）; group B：implanted 54 implants（all repaired）. The survival rate of group A is 96.67%, while group B was 100%. The residual bone height of group A is 3.89±0.72 mm, while the second group was 7.79±1.52 mm. The implant stability quotient of group A improved from 67.28±1.70 after implantation to 76.31 ±2.22 before the implant restoration, while the implant stability quotient of group B improved from69.51 ±1.60 after implantation to 76.65 ±2.49 before the implant restoration. The implant stability quotient of implants with the length of 8 mm and 10 mm is 76.75±2.71 and 2.71±2.37 before restoration, respectively. The implant stability quotient of implants with the diameter of 4.1 mm and 4.8 mm is 76.62 ±2.39 and 2.39 ±2.40 before restoration, respectively. Conclusion：By applying osteotome sinus floor elevation when the residual bone height in posterior maxilla area is less than 5 mm,the stability of implantation can be expected.