中国装备制造业创新的二元分工网络制约

Limitations of the Dual Network of Labor- Division for Innovation in China's Machinery Industry

基于区域间分工与产业链分工、价值链分工之间互动发展所形成的完善的分工网络,能够凝聚技术、市场、资源优势,形成极化效应,并能通过分工网络形成扩散效应和资源共享,有利于实现各环节创新联动,增强国际竞争力。利用中国省级投入产出数据测算表明,中国装备制造业企业参与国内分工网络程度下降,出现了更偏好参与国际分工网络的趋势,二元分工网络趋势增强。国内分工网络与跨国公司主导的国际分工网络差距大,是中国装备制造业二元分工网络形成的直接原因,而体制和政策是推动二元分工网络深化的更深层因素,由此造成市场和资源分割,并割裂了区域间分工与产业链分工、价值链分工之间的互动发展,导致中国装备制造业创新机制缺损。

Advanced networks of labor- division based on the interactive development of inter- regional division of labor and division of labor in value chains and industry chains can assemble the market and resources to create polarization effects and diffusion effects,contributing to innovation. Provincial input- output data shows domestic firms in the machinery industry preferred international rather than domestic division of labor,forming dual network of labor- division. The large gap between domestic and international divisions of labor is the direct cause. However,institutions and policy are the deeper force. The dual network of labor- division separates the market and resources,and destroys the interactive development of inter- regional division of labor and division of labor in value chains and industry chains,leading to the deficiency of innovative mechanisms.