秀丽高原鳅生物学性状与肌肉氨基酸组成分析

Study on the biology traits and the amino acid component in the muscle of Triplophysa venusta

2013-2014年分析了金沙江流域160尾秀丽高原鳅（Triplophysa venusta）的生长性状、繁殖力和肌肉氨基酸组成。结果显示,秀丽高原鳅由1～8龄个体组成,以2～5龄个体为主,占比为78.1%;雌雄个体比例为1∶1.29。雌雄个体的平均体长分别为67.8 mm与72.7 mm,平均体重分别为4.13 g与4.30 g,雌雄个体间的体长和体重均无显著差异。秀丽高原鳅的体长与体重呈显著的幂函数相关：W♀＋♂=0.014 9L2.811,（R2=0.89,r=0.864 7）。雌雄个体的Fulton和Clark肥满度分别为1.13与1.02,1.15与0.84,但差异不显著。雌性个体的绝对繁殖力位于825～4 500粒/尾之间,平均1 815粒/尾。肌肉中共检测到18种氨基酸,包括8种必需氨基酸与10种非必需氨基酸,总氨基酸含量（占鲜重）为13.63%,鲜味氨基酸含量为4.22%;必需氨基酸的构成比例符合FAO/WHO标准。氨基酸评分中,色氨酸分值最小,为第一限制性氨基酸。

The growth,fecundity and the component of amino acids in muscle were characterized using 160 individuals of Triplophysa venusta collected from their inherent habitats in Jinsha River from 2013 to 2014. Our study showed that the age of the fish ranged from 1 to 8 years,with the majority of 2 to 5 years accounting for 78. 1%. The means of body length in females and males were 67. 8 mm and 72. 7 mm,respectively. The average body weight was 4. 13 g and 4. 30 g in female and male individuals,respectively. There was no significant difference in both body weight and body length between males and females. The relationship between body weight and body length was W♀ ＋ ♂= 0. 0149L2. 811,（ R2= 0. 89, r =0. 8647）. In the females and males,the Fulton ponderal indexes were 1. 13 and 1. 15,respectively. While the Clark ponderal indexes were 1. 02 and 0. 84. However,there was no significant difference in ponderal index between females and males. The absolute fecundity ranged from 825 to 4500 eggs per individual,with the average of 1815 eggs per individual.Eighteen amino acids were detected from the muscle of T. venusta,including 8 essential amino acids（ EAA） and 10 nonessential amino acids,accounting for 13. 63% of wet body weight. Moreover,the proportion and component of EAA in themuscle of T. venusta were accord with the standard of FAO / WHO concerning amino acids. The delicious amino acids accounted for 4. 22% of wet body weight. The evaluation of amino acids suggested that Trp was the first limited amino acid.