《圆觉经》的真伪之争新辨

The New Analysis on the Authenticity of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment

《圆觉经》的翻译是由个别僧人自发组织的"民间译场"完成的。完成之后,未履行向朝廷申报入藏程序,也未编订记载此经翻译过程的经录,或者可能编订但流传不广。古代佛教史家依据言必有据的原则书写,将有些许矛盾的传言都记录在案。其后,宗密访得流通于教界的《圆觉经》抄本并且多方收集当时的注疏,据此编撰《圆觉经大疏钞》等著作。此经逐渐在教界流通,对唐中后期的中国佛教产生了重大影响。智昇、宗密仅仅怀疑此经翻译过程记载的不完全或者舛误,从未曾怀疑《圆觉经》的"真经"身份。当代学者以古代文献记载分歧为由,以自己所认定的佛教某些派系的思想为准,将其判为"伪经",是缺乏说服力的。

The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment was translated under the common circumstance that the country came to organize and several monks then completed by organizing spontaneously in the form of＂folk translation workplace＂.But after completing,the monks didn＇ t implement the procedure to declare the translation into Buddhist Scriptures.Also,they didn＇t compile and revise the record of the translation process,or they did it but unfortunately,the translation scripture couldn＇t be collected by Zhi Sheng or someone else.On the basis of＂writing with reason＂principle,the ancient Buddhist historians recorded the words which showed the reciprocal contradiction of the translation.After that,Zong Mi got the writing scripture of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment which was circulated in the Buddhist area and he also collected the exegesis of the scripture.Then,he came out with the book A Complete Commentary on Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment and some other books.Being published,the book was circulated gradually in the Buddhist area and it laid great emphasis on the Chinese Buddhism in the mid-Tang dynasty.Zhi Sheng and Zong Mi simply doubted the insufficiency and errors of the record of the translation process but never doubted the authenticity of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment.The modern scholars have excused the divergence of the ancient documents and standardized themselves in the consideration of Buddhist factions,and then came out with the conclusion that the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment was a ＂fake scripture＂.This result lacks persuasion.