“以审判为中心”的若干问题研究

On the Issues of Trial as the Essential Part of Criminal Justice

党的十八届四中全会提出"推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革"。刑事诉讼以审判为中心,要求诉讼活动符合司法规律,理顺侦查、检察和审判功能的关系,确立无罪推定的原则,法庭依法独立审判,强化审判功能。在法庭审判中贯彻直接言词原则和证据裁判原则,保障被告人的辩护权、对质权等一系列合法权利。"以审判为中心"并不意味着侦查和检察干警的职责有所减少,也不意味着三机关的地位高低。"以审判为中心"应当有许多配套措施才能实现,包括案件分流、简易审判和快速处理机制;"以审判为中心"并不意味着所有的刑事案件都必须经过完备的审判程序。刑事案件审前分流以及简易审判等快速处理的方式正是"以审判为中心"的改革得以实现的条件之一。

The Fourth Plenary Meeting of the Party＇s 18 thCongress proposes the judicial reform of ＂setting trial as the essential part of criminal justice＂.Realizing the reform request that the activities of criminal proceeding be compatible with the rule of law,the relationships of investigation,prosecution and trial be normal,presumption of innocence be observed,judicial independence be respected,functions of trial be strengthened,the rights of the accused be protected.＂Setting trial as the essential part of criminal justice＂does not mean the deduction of the duties of the law enforcement officials,not the different positions of the departments of police prosecutor and the court.There are needs of a serious of other measures in the realization of ＂setting trial as the essential part of criminal justice＂,inter alia,the diversion of cases,summary trial and fast tract sentencing mechanisms.It does not imply that all cases have to go through all stages of criminal procedure,on the contrary,pretrial diversion is one of the conditions of ＂setting trial as the essential part of criminal justice＂.