陕西省环境污染因素犯罪司法现状透析及改良

Judicial Situation's Analysis and Improvement on Environmental Pollution Crimes of Shaanxi Province

陕西省环境污染因素犯罪司法存在刑事案件数量稀少,司法难以回应客观现实;案件分布类型分散,环境污染成多种犯罪的诱因;农民与国家机关工作人员是主要犯罪主体,单位犯罪缺失;刑罚适用轻缓,实际服刑率低下等问题。具体症结外因源于行政法之牵制,包括行政环境立法和行政行为的影响;内因在于司法理念对于环境污染因素的忽视。因而司法现状之改良途径应一方面通过充实行政环境立法,衔接行政执法与刑事司法,以妥当处置行政法与刑法之间的关系,另一方面要强化环境优先的司法理念。

There are some problems about judicial activities on Environmental Pollution Crimes of Shaanxi Province.First,because of the number of criminal cases rarely,judicature is difficult to respond to the objective reality.Second,environmental pollution has become more offenses incentives.Third,the criminal subject is farmers and staff of state organs and lack of unit crime.Fourth,there is penalty mitigation and low rate of actual prisoners.The crux external is the constraints of administrative law,including the impact of administrative environmental legislation and administrative acts; the internal crux lies in the formation of the judicial philosophy of neglect for environmental factors.Thus,judicial situation should be improved in two paths： on one path,properly handle the relationship between administrative law and criminal law; on the other path,we should strengthen the environmental priorities of judicial philosophy.