鱼油补充对中老年人血清多不饱和脂肪酸构成脂联素水平及抗氧化能力影响的随机对照研究

EFFECTS OF FISH OIL SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID COMPOSITION, ADIPONECTIN LEVEL AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN MIDDLE AGED AND ELDERLY PEOPLE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

目的探讨不同剂量鱼油补充对中老年人血清多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）构成、脂联素水平及抗氧化能力的影响。方法以240名45～70岁中老年人为对象,随机分成对照组（不服鱼油）,鱼油低、中、高剂量组[分别每日服1、2、4粒鱼油胶囊（每粒含182mg EPA＋129mg DHA）]4组,干预12w,干预前后进行问卷调查、体格测量并采集空腹静脉血。测定血清脂肪酸、脂联素、血糖、丙二醛（MDA）、总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）含量。结果 201人完成试验。干预前对象的基线资料及血清学指标组间无差异;干预后对照组各指标无明显变化,鱼油各组血清二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）及n-3 PUFA显著上升,高于对照组（P〈0.05）,n-6/n-3PUFA则均低于对照组（P〈0.05）;干预后鱼油中、高剂量组血清脂联素显著上升,血糖显著下降,与对照组相比有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;血清MDA明显下降;各鱼油组总SOD及GSH-Px含量显著上升,中剂量组的GSH-Px及高剂量组的总SOD、GSH-Px均高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论一定剂量鱼油补充可显著升高中老年人血清EPA、DHA、脂联素、总SOD及GSH-Px水平并降低n-6/n-3PUFA、血糖及MDA含量,以高剂量组（1.24g/d）最为明显。

Objective To investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation on serum polyunsaturated fatty acid（PUFA） composition, adiponectin level and antioxidant capacity in middle aged and elderly people. Methods 240 subjects aged 45 to 70 years were recruited and randomly divided into control, low, middle and high dose groups, and received 0, 1, 2 and 4 fish oil capsules（182mg EPA＋129mg DHA） per day, respectively, for 12 weeks. Basic information, dietary data, anthropometric parameters and fasting blood samples were collected before and after the intervention. Serum fatty acids, adiponectin, glucose, malondialdehyde（MDA）, total superoxide dismutase（SOD） and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） levels were determined after intervention. Results 201 subjects completed the study. There were no significant differences in basic information and serum indicators among groups at the baseline. After intervention, control group had no statistically significant changes in all serum indicators. By contrast, serum EPA, DHA and total n-3 PUFA levels increased in a dose-dependent manner in all fish oil groups and all were higher than the control（P〈0.05）. Correspondingly, serum n-6/n-3 PUFA in all fish oil groups were lower than in the control（P〈0.05）. Serum adiponectin levels were markedly higher in both middle and high dose group than in the control（P〈0.05）, but glucose levels of those two groups were lower than that of the control（P〈0.05）. Finally in terms of antioxidant capacity, MDA levels in middle and high dose group decreased significantly. Total SOD and GSH-Px levels increased in all fish oil groups. Compared with the control, middle dose group had higher GSH-Px level（P〈0.05）, while high dose group had higher total SOD and GSH-Px levels（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Fish oil supplem-entation significantly increases serum EPA, DHA, adiponectin, total SOD and GSH-Px levels but decreases n-6/n-3 PUFA, glucose and MDA in middle aged and elderly people in a certain dose range, especially in high dose group（1.24g/d）.