恢复高考至今图书馆员刻板印象变迁研究

Research on the Changing Status of Chinese Librarian's Stereotype Since Restoration of National College Entrance Examination

考察了社会公众对于图书馆员刻板印象的变迁历程,深入挖掘了造成当今诸多图书馆职业问题的原因。通过访谈1977年至今历届图书馆学专业的毕业生,发现:①人们对于图书馆员的刻板印象随时代的发展也在悄然发生变化。1970—1990年代初期,公众对于图书馆员职业的刻板印象包括:工作环境好、可以在大城市工作、可以看书等;当代图书馆员刻板印象大约形成于1990年代中后期,印象则转变为:收入低、清闲、专业性不强、适合女性等;②图书馆员刻板印象与图书馆事业发展是共生关系;③时代背景参与塑造了图书馆员的刻板印象。研究表明,当前我国图书馆职业存在的诸多问题虽然与时代背景不无关系,但更多则来源于此前图书馆事业发展中未得到妥善解决的遗留问题的长期积累,如果不加以控制,必将使社会公众产生更多关于图书馆职业的消极印象,将阻碍图书馆事业的发展,需引起各方重视。

The authors conducted this research in order to discover the changing staus of stereotype of the Chinese librarian and to find potential reasons for the professional concerns in contemporary librarianship. Through interviewing 41 undergraduate students entering library science since 1977, we found that：（1） the stereotype of the Chinese librarian has changed： people who graduated between 1970 and 1990 thought that librarians had a good work environment, librarians read books during work hours, and librarians work in the big city; people who graduated after the mid-1990s regarded the library profession as a lowincome, idle, unprofessional, and female occupation. （2）The contemporary librarian stereotype seems to have originated in the middle-to-late 1990s.（3）There is a symbiotic relationship between the Chinese librarian stereotype and librarianship. （4）Social norms and practices influence the librarians stereotype. These conclusions warn us that current problems in librarianship are derived from the accumulation of previous problems, which will lead to more negative stereotypes and more serious problems to librarianship if we do not address them effectively.