四川农村传统借贷形式及来源探究(1934—1945)

Probe into the Forms and Sources of Traditional Rural Credit Loan in Sichuan（ 1934-1945 ）

1934年,四川军阀混战刚刚结束,新式借贷方式如合作社借贷、银行农贷等开始进入四川农村。不久全面抗战爆发,四川农民负担日益加重,资金匮乏。新式借贷由于资金和组织的问题难以满足农民需要,四川农民不得不仍旧求助于传统借贷形式来满足其生活需要。这其中很多皆为高额借贷,生活的压力迫使农民不得不接受水涨船高的利息以解决燃眉之急,任由放贷人无理剥削。这严重地影响了四川农业的发展,也阻碍了农村现代金融体系的建立,加速了四川农村破产的速度。

In 1934,the fighting of Sichuan warlords coming to an end,new lending practices such as cooperatives loans,bank loans just appeared in rural Sichuan. The war broke out after a short while,and farmers in Sichuan carried increasingly heavy burden,thus they were lack of funds. It’s difficult for the new loan to meet the farmers’ needs due to the financial and organizational problems,so the farmers had to ask help for Sichuan traditional loan to meet their needs. Many of the loans were high debit,and pressure of life forced farmers to accept the rising interests to meet their immediate needs,allowing unreasonable exploitation from the lenders. It not only seriously affects the development of agriculture in Sichuan,but also hinders the establishment of modern financial system in rural areas,accelerating the pace of rural Sichuan bankruptcy.