姜科植物染色体制片方法的优化

Optimization of Chromosome Preparation Technology in Zingiberaceae Plants

以白姜花根尖为材料,通过预处理、固定、解离和染色等步骤,对染色体制片技术进行改良,得到了一种简单高效的可用于植物染色体数目分析的制片技术,主要步骤包括"取材-酸解离-低渗-染色-压片"。采用改良技术得到的制片细胞膨大、染色体分散、形态清晰、分色良好。用该方法对白姜花、金姜花、所罗门姜黄和红艳郁金等的体细胞染色体数目进行检测,结果分别如下:白姜花2n=34,金姜花2n=34,所罗门姜黄2n=63,红艳郁金2n=49。

Plant chromosome analysis technology is the most common and useful method in cytogenetics research. In the present study, three methods for plant chromosome preparation of Hedychium coronarium were compared including material pretreatment, fixation, dissociation and dyeing on the root tips. The results showed that the best experimental protocol for chromosome number analysis was ＇sample selection, acid dissociation, hypotonic, staining with improve phenol fuchsin, chromosome slide preparation＇, and the best dissociation way was with 37% HC1 ： 95% C2HsOH=I ： 3 at 28-30 % for 6 rain. Clear metaphase chromosome images with large cells, spreading and clear chromosome were obtained with the improved method. Subsequently, this method was applied to analyze the somatic chromosome numbers of H. coronarium, H. gardnerianum, Curcuma soloensis, Curcuma rubescens at metaphase, which were 2n=34, 2n=34, 2n=63, 2n=49 respectively.