《说文解字》中有关刑罚命名的用字

The Punishment Naming Words in the Shuo Wen Jie Zi

东汉许慎的《说文解字》总结了先秦、两汉文字学的成果,是研究古文字不可缺少的桥梁。在《说文解字》中,关于刑罚命名的用字有很多,比如:黥、髡、刵、斩、辟、醢、脯、剐、宫、鞭、笞、杖等,直接反映出古代残酷的施刑方式、施刑过程和施刑结果,以及关于古代刑法施刑的用具。《说文解字》中有关刑罚的汉字,其字形结构再现出残酷的施刑场景与施刑方式,在语义上显示出古代刑罚制度的严厉与残忍以及古代刑罚具有鲜明的等级性和不公正性,反映出当时的法律思想和文化。

Shuo Wen Jie Zisummed up the Qin and Han philology results, paving a bridge on researches ofthe characters shape, sound and meaning, inscriptions. In Shuo Wen Jie Zi, the penalty has many naming words,which directly reflects the ancient brutal torture modes and processes, the results of torturers and torture uten-sils and torture sites. In this paper, we analyze the philological structure of punishment naming words in orderto vividly play back brutal torture scenes and torture modes,reflecting the ideas and cultures of ancient legalpenal system.