某铁路辖区职业卫生与职业健康监护情况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Occupational Health and Occupational Health Surveillance in a Railway Distrct

目的了解某铁路辖区内职业危害现状,客观分析评价职业病防治工作开展情况,为规范开展铁路职业卫生管理工作提供依据。方法对近年辖区内进行职业卫生检测及职业健康监护的情况进行调查分析。结果对车辆系统、机务系统、工务系统、电务系统进行职业病危害因素的检测,合格191个点,合格率81.6%;对771名工人开展职业健康检查,发现职业相关异常71人,异常率9.2%,异常复查率11.3%。结论铁路职业卫生与职业病防治工作尚需进一步加强,包括职业病危害工程防护设施的"三同时"及日常维护,噪声超标岗位人员的个体防护措施,职业健康监护工作中上岗、在岗期间及离岗体检的规范开展,检出职业相关异常者的及时复查等。

Objective To explore the situation of the occupational hazard in a railway district and evaluate the status of occupational disease prevention, providing the evidence for railway occupational health management. Methods Investigated and analyzed the status of occupational hygiene monitoring and occupational health surveillance in the railway district recently. Results Detection had been taken in vehicle system, locomotive system, engineering system and electricity system for occupational hazard factors. The investigation showed that 81.6 percent of monitoring points（191/234） were qualified. The occupational physical examination showed that 9.2 percent of workers（71/771） were occupation-related abnormal, but the rate of reexamination was low（11.3%）. Conclusion It＇s highly required that the work of railway occupational health and occupational disease prevention should be strengthened, including the ＂Three Simultaneousness＂ of occupational hazard engineering protection, the individual protection of over-standard noise post, the occupational hygiene monitoring for different status of work, the reexamination of occupation-related abnormal cases.